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In some cases, allergic reactions can be life-threatening. The most severe type of allergic reaction is called anaphylaxis, a rapid, systemic reaction to allergens typically ingested or introduced directly into the bloodstream. Anaphylaxis occurs most frequently in people with severe allergies to foods, medications or insect stings; it is also seen in some people with a severe allergy to latex. Symptoms can include the following:
Faintness or loss of consciousness
Hives
Swelling
Breathing difficulties
A sensation of throat constriction
Vomiting
Diarrhea (less frequently)
Anaphylaxis is an emergency requiring immediate medical attention.
Treatment
Epinephrine is the most commonly used drug for treating an anaphylactic reaction. Available by prescription, it works to reverse the symptoms of the reaction and helps prevent their progression. It is important to administer epinephrine as soon as symptoms of anaphylaxis are detected. Individuals who have been prescribed epinephrine should carry it with them at all times.
