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Lahey Clinic provides expert care in the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer for all of our patients.
Using a team-based approach, the Department of
Colorectal Surgery works closely with Radiation Oncology, Medical Oncology
and other departments at Lahey to offer the most appropriate treatment plan for each individual. We also deliver cutting-edge therapies by participating in important clinical research.
The American Cancer Society estimates that there will be over 145,000 new cases of colorectal cancer in the United States this year.
Colorectal cancer usually begins as precancerous changes or growths - called polyps - in the lining of the colon and rectum. Detection and removal of these precancerous polyps decreases the risk for the development of colorectal cancer.
The risk of colorectal cancer increases with age, with more than 90 percent of all cases diagnosed in individuals age 50 and
over. The risk for developing colorectal cancer also increases in individuals with a personal or family history of colorectal cancer or polyps; a personal history of breast, uterine or ovarian cancer; inflammatory bowel disease (Ulcerative Colitis or Crohn's) of significant duration; and behavioral factors including (but not limited to) smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity and a diet high in fat and/or red meat.
Colonoscopy: examination of the entire colon using a flexible instrument called a colonoscope; recommended every 10 years
Fecal occult blood tests (FOBT): test to check for hidden blood in the stool; recommended yearly
Sigmoidoscopy: examination of the rectum and lower colon; recommended every five years
Sigmoidoscopy combined with FOBT: reasonable alternative to colonoscopy
Double-contrast barium enema every five years
Patients who have a higher risk for developing colorectal cancer may require more frequent screening exams.
Treatment
The most common treatment for colorectal cancer is surgery. In some cases, additional treatment such as
chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy may be necessary, particularly if cancer has spread to the lymph nodes or elsewhere in the body.
