A hammer toe is a condition in which the middle joint of the toe is bent downward and sometimes the toe joint closer to the foot bends up. The joints may stiffen permanently in this position.
Causes
A hammer toe is caused by a muscle and tendon imbalance. Various foot types may allow for the development of this deformity.
Coustrictive shoewear is a major contributing factor.
Symptoms
The main symptom is pain on the top of the middle joint of the toe caused by pressure from the shoe. Painful corns and callouses often form when the contracted toe rubs on the shoe.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made after a careful clinical evaluation. X-rays may help find any arthritis that may also be present.
Treatment
The treatment is first to change shoes. Shoes with a wider, deeper toebox often relieve the discomfort. Special pads are often helpful.
Surgery
Surgery can correct this deformity. Your doctor will discuss the types of surgery with you.
