An autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) is a procedure in which high dose chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy is used to treat cancer. For certain malignancies, this type of high-dose chemotherapy is more effective than standard chemotherapy. The chemotherapy doses in a stem cell transplant, however, can permanently destroy the bone marrow. To overcome this toxicity, cells are infused that are capable of repopulating bone marrow and developing into mature blood cells. These cells, referred to as stem cells or progenitor cells, circulate in blood and can be collected and frozen (cryopreserved) for later use. Importantly, in an autologous transplant the patient serves as the source of stem cells, so a donor is not required.

As a "do-it-yourself" transplant, ASCT is a complex procedure that requires patients and their families learn a great deal of information during a very stressful time in their lives. This Web page has been developed to help patients and their families gain a better understanding of the transplant process. If you have any questions after reviewing this information online, please call Lahey’s Department of Hematology at 781-744-8400.