Definition
Social anxiety disorder is intense fear of social situations. It can lead to avoiding other people or situations.
Physical Reactions of Anxiety |
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Risk Factors
Social anxiety disorder often starts in teens and young adults. It is more common in women than in men. Other things that may raise the risk are:
- Family history of anxiety or mood disorders
- Other mental health problems, such as: anxiety , bipolar disorder , depression , or substance abuse
- Being single, separated, or widowed
- Childhood stress
- Parenting that is too protective or harsh
- Long term illness
- Nervousness in new situations
Symptoms
Symptoms are intense fear of being judged by others. They may happen when a person is:
- The center of attention
- Meeting new people
- Talking to authorities—such as bosses, teachers, or policemen
- Talking to the opposite sex
- Eating, writing, or speaking in public
- Using public toilets
Physical symptoms of anxiety occur, such as:
- Blushing
- Sweating
- Trembling or twitching
- Dry throat and mouth
- Fast heartbeat or lightheadedness
Diagnosis
The doctor will ask about your fears and symptoms. A physical exam may be done. You may need to see a mental health specialist. A mental health assessment may be done.
Treatment
The goal is to ease symptoms. Other mental health problems may also need to be treated. Options may be:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy —to change negative thoughts and behaviors
- Relaxation skills—such as deep breathing and meditation
- A support group
- Lifestyle changes—such as healthy eating, daily exercise, and avoiding substances
-
Medicines, such as:
- SSRIs, SNRIs, or other antidepressants—to ease symptoms of anxiety and depression
- Benzodiazepines—to calm the nervous system
- Some nerve and seizure medicines
RESOURCES
Anxiety and Depression Association of America https://adaa.org
Mental Health America http://www.mentalhealthamerica.net
CANADIAN RESOURCES
Canadian Psychiatric Association https://www.cpa-apc.org
Canadian Psychological Association https://cpa.ca
References
Leichsenring F, Leweke F. Social anxiety disorder. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(23):2255-2264.
Social anxiety disorder. Anxiety and Depression Association of America website. Available at: https://adaa.org/understanding-anxiety/social-anxiety-disorder. Accessed March 9, 2021.
Social anxiety disorder. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/social-anxiety-disorder . Accessed March 9, 2021.
Social phobia. Merck Manual Professional Version website. Available at: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/anxiety-and-stressor-related-disorders/social-phobia. Accessed March 9, 2021.
Revision Information
- Reviewer: EBSCO Medical Review Board Adrian Preda, MD
- Review Date: 01/2021
- Update Date: 00/30/2021