This resource is designed to provide information on surgical procedures that are now commonly performed using newer, "minimally invasive" procedures—in other words, through tiny, "keyhole" incisions, or by other technological methods that do not require major incisions. (Note that laparoscopic is a term for one of the more common minimally invasive methods used.) Also bear in mind that the following fact sheets typically describe traditional "open surgery" methods as well as their minimally invasive counterparts. Diagnostic procedures are not generally included in this index since diagnostic testing is often by nature relatively non-invasive.


Finally, all fact sheets in this quick reference guide are physician-reviewed and reflect the most up-to-date, evidence-based information. Relevant sources are provided for each fact sheet.

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