Here are the basics about each of the medicines below. Only common problems with them are listed.
Some medicines are part of treatment. Other medicines may help prevent or reduce side effects of treatments.
Prescription Medications
- Bevacizumab
- Cetuximab
- Panitumumab
- Nivolumab
- Pembrolizumab
- Prochlorperazine
- Ondansetron
- Granisetron
- Metoclopramide
- Dronabinol
- Dexamethasone
- Prednisone
- Hydrocodone
- Hydromorphone
- Oxycodone
- Filgrastim
- Epoetin
Prescription Medications
Common names are:
- Bevacizumab
- Cetuximab
- Panitumumab
- Nivolumab
- Pembrolizumab
Targeted therapy seek outs cancer cells and destroys them. They can be used alone or with other chemotherapy.
Some problems may be:
For bevacizumab:
- Tiredness
- Bleeding
- Headache
- Mouth sores
- Loss of hunger
- Diarrhea
For cetuximab:
- Skin rash
- Headache
- Tiredness
- Fever
- Diarrhea
For panitumumab:
- Skin rash
- Sensitivity to sunlight
- Tiredness
- Diarrhea
For nivolumab:
- Rash, or itching
- Belly pain
- Tiredness
- Joint paint
- Headache
- Cough
For pembrolizumab:
- Hair loss
- Constipation
- Joint pain
- Cough
- Tiredness
Common names are:
- Prochlorperazine
- Ondansetron
- Granisetron
- Metoclopramide
- Dronabinol
Antiemetics treat nausea and vomiting from cancer treatment. They may be taken by mouth, injection, or insertion into the rectum. It depends on the medicine.
Some problems may be:
For prochlorperazine:
- Blurred vision
- Sleepiness
- Lightheadedness
- Restlessness or need to keep moving
- Shuffling walk
- Stiffness of arms or legs
- Trembling and shaking of hands and fingers
For ondansetron:
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Fever
- Headache
- Unusual tiredness or weakness
For granisetron:
- Constipation
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Unusual tiredness or weakness
For metoclopramide:
- Diarrhea
- Sleepiness
- Restlessness
- Uncontrolled movements of the jaw, lip, or tongue
For dronabinol:
- Unusual happiness or excitement
- Fast heart beats
- Red face
- Confusion
- Nervousness
- Lightheadedness
- Seeing or hearing things that are not there
- Feeling threatened
Common names are:
- Dexamethasone
- Prednisone
Corticosteroids help reduce inflammation.
Some problems may be:
- Feeling very hungry
- Bloating, gas, or belly fullness
- Nervousness or restlessness
Common names are:
- Hydrocodone
- Hydromorphone
- Oxycodone
Opioids ease pain. However, they can lead to addiction. They need to be used carefully.
Some problems may be:
- Lightheadedness
- Sleepiness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Constipation
Common names are:
- Filgrastim
- Epoetin
Blood cells can be destroyed during cancer treatment. These medicines help the body make new white or red blood cells.
Both medicines are given by injection.
Some problems may be:
For filgrastim:
- Bone pain
- Nausea and vomiting
- Skin rash or itching
For epoetin:
- Nausea and vomiting
- Injection site pain
- Cough
- Headache
References
Colon cancer treatment option overview. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/patient/colon-treatment-pdq#section/%5F135. Accessed March 25, 2021.
Colorectal cancer. American Cancer Society website. Available at: http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003096-pdf.pdf. Accessed March 25, 2021.
Colorectal cancer. EBSCO DynaMed website. Available at: https://www.dynamed.com/condition/colorectal-cancer. Accessed March 25, 2021.
Colorectal cancer. Merck Manual Professional Version website. Available at: http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gastrointestinal-disorders/tumors-of-the-gi-tract/colorectal-cancer. Accessed March 25, 2021.
Rectal cancer treatment option overview. National Cancer Institute website. Available at: https://www.cancer.gov/types/colorectal/patient/rectal-treatment-pdq#section/%5F135. Accessed March 25, 2021.